Tham khảo Iridi

  1. ↑ Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. ↑ J. W. Arblaster: Densities of Osmium and Iridium, in: Platinum Metals Review, 1989, 33, 1, S. 14–16; Volltext.
  3. 1 2 3 Wang, Guanjun; Zhou, Mingfei; Goettel, James T.; Schrobilgen, Gary G.; Su, Jing; Li, Jun; Schlöder, Tobias; Riedel, Sebastian (2014). “Identification of an iridium-containing compound with a formal oxidation state of IX”. Nature 514: 475–477. doi:10.1038/nature13795. 
  4. ↑ Lide, D. R. biên tập (2005). “Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds”. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (ấn bản 86). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. 
  5. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. tr. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4. 
  6. ↑ Becker, Luann (2002). “Repeated Blows” (PDF). Scientific American 286 (3): 77–83. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 1 năm 2016. 
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (ấn bản 2). Oxford: Butterworth–Heinemann. tr. 1113–1143, 1294. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4. OCLC 213025882 37499934 41901113.  Chú thích sử dụng tham số |coauthors= bị phản đối (trợ giúp)
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Hunt, L. B. (1987). “A History of Iridium” (PDF). Platinum Metals Review 31 (1): 32–41. 
  9. ↑ Kittel, C. (2004). Introduction to Solid state Physics, 7th Edition. Wiley-India. ISBN 8126510455. 
  10. ↑ Arblaster, J. W. (1995). “Osmium, the Densest Metal Known”. Platinum Metals Review 39 (4): 164. 
  11. ↑ Cotton, Simon (1997). Chemistry of Precious Metals. Springer-Verlag New York, LLC. tr. 78. ISBN 9780751404135. 
  12. ↑ Lide, D. R. (1990). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (70th Edn.). Boca Raton (FL):CRC Press. 
  13. ↑ Arblaster, J. W. (1989). “Densities of osmium and iridium: recalculations based upon a review of the latest crystallographic data” (PDF). Platinum Metals Review 33 (1): 14–16. 
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Emsley, J. (2003). “Iridium”. Nature's Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. tr. 201–204. ISBN 0-19-850340-7. 
  15. ↑ Emsley, John (2011). Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements . New York, NY: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7. 
  16. 1 2 Perry, D. L. (1995). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. tr. 203–204. ISBN 0-8492-8671-3 Kiểm tra giá trị |isbn= (trợ giúp). 
  17. ↑ Lagowski, J. J. biên tập (2004). Chemistry Foundations and Applications 2. Thomson Gale. tr. 250–251. ISBN 0-02-865732-3 Kiểm tra giá trị |isbn= (trợ giúp). 
  18. ↑ Jung, D.; Demazeau, Gérard (1995). “High Oxygen Pressure and the Preparation of New Iridium (VI) Oxides with Perovskite Structure: Sr2MIrO6 (M = Ca, Mg)”. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 115 (2): 447–455. Bibcode:1995JSSCh.115..447J. doi:10.1006/jssc.1995.1158. 
  19. ↑ Gong, Y.; Zhou, M.; Kaupp, M.; Riedel, S. (2009). “Formation and Characterization of the Iridium Tetroxide Molecule with Iridium in the Oxidation State +VIII”. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48: 7879–7883. doi:10.1002/anie.200902733. 
  20. ↑ Gulliver, D. J; Levason, W. (1982). “The chemistry of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium and platinum in the higher oxidation states”. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 46: 1–127. doi:10.1016/0010-8545(82)85001-7. 
  21. ↑ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E.; Wiberg, N. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry (ấn bản 1). Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5. OCLC 47901436. 
  22. ↑ Černý, R.; Joubert, J.-M.; Kohlmann, H.; Yvon, K. (2002). “Mg6Ir2H11, a new metal hydride containing saddle-like IrH5−4 and square-pyramidal IrH4−5 hydrido complexes”. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 340 (1–2): 180–188. doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00050-6. 
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 Renner, H.; Schlamp, G.; Kleinwächter, I.; Drost, E.; Lüschow, H. M.; Tews, P.; Panster, P.; Diehl, M. và đồng nghiệp (2002). “Platinum group metals and compounds”. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley. doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_075. 
  24. ↑ Vaska, L.; DiLuzio, J.W. (1961). “Carbonyl and Hydrido-Carbonyl Complexes of Iridium by Reaction with Alcohols. Hydrido Complexes by Reaction with Acid”. Journal of the American Chemical Society 83 (12): 2784–2785. doi:10.1021/ja01473a054. 
  25. ↑ Crabtree, R. H. (1979). “Iridium compounds in catalysis”. Accounts of Chemical Research 12 (9): 331–337. doi:10.1021/ar50141a005. 
  26. ↑ Crabtree, R. H. (2005). The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals (PDF). Wiley. ISBN 0471662569. OCLC 224478241. 
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  30. ↑ Arblaster, J. W. (2003). “The discoverers of the iridium isotopes: the thirty-six known iridium isotopes found between 1934 and 2001”. Platinum Metals Review 47 (4): 167–174. 
  31. 1 2 Chereminisoff, N. P. (1990). Handbook of Ceramics and Composites. CRC Press. tr. 424. ISBN 0-8247-8006-X. 
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  34. ↑ McDonald, M. (1959). “The Platinum of New Granada: Mining and Metallurgy in the Spanish Colonial Empire”. Platinum Metals Review 3 (4): 140–145. 
  35. ↑ Juan, J.; de Ulloa, A. (1748). Relación histórica del viage a la América Meridional (bằng tiếng Tây Ban Nha) 1. tr. 606.  Bảo trì CS1: Ngôn ngữ không rõ (link)
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  37. 1 2 Griffith, W. P. (2004). “Bicentenary of Four Platinum Group Metals. Part II: Osmium and iridium – events surrounding their discoveries”. Platinum Metals Review 48 (4): 182–189. doi:10.1595/147106704X4844. 
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  41. ↑ Mössbauer, R. L. (1958). “Gammastrahlung in Ir191”. Zeitschrift für Physik A (bằng tiếng Đức) 151 (2): 124–143. Bibcode:1958ZPhy..151..124M. doi:10.1007/BF01344210.  Bảo trì CS1: Ngôn ngữ không rõ (link)
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  43. ↑ Scott, E. R. D.; Wasson, J. T.; Buchwald, V. F. (1973). “The chemical classification of iron meteorites—VII. A reinvestigation of irons with Ge concentrations between 25 and 80 ppm”. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 37 (8): 1957–1983. Bibcode:1973GeCoA..37.1957S. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(73)90151-8. 
  44. 1 2 “Iridium” (PDF). Human Health Fact Sheet. Argonne National Laboratory. 2005. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 9 năm 2008. 
  45. ↑ Xiao, Z.; Laplante, A. R. (2004). “Characterizing and recovering the platinum group minerals—a review”. Minerals Engineering 17 (9–10): 961–979. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2004.04.001. 
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  48. ↑ Hildebrand, A. R.; Penfield, Glen T.; Kring, David A.; Pilkington, Mark; Zanoguera, Antonio Camargo; Jacobsen, Stein B.; Boynton, William V. (1991). “Chicxulub Crater; a possible Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary impact crater on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico”. Geology 19 (9): 867–871. Bibcode:1991Geo....19..867H. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0867:CCAPCT>2.3.CO;2. 
  49. ↑ Frankel, C. (1999). The End of the Dinosaurs: Chicxulub Crater and Mass Extinctions. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-47447-7. OCLC 40298401. 
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  51. ↑ Toutain, J.-P.; Meyer, G. (1989). “Iridium-Bearing Sublimates at a Hot-Spot Volcano (Piton De La Fournaise, Indian Ocean)”. Geophysical Research Letters 16 (12): 1391–1394. Bibcode:1989GeoRL..16.1391T. doi:10.1029/GL016i012p01391. 
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  58. ↑ Jollie, D. (2008). Platinum 2008 (PDF). Johnson Matthey. ISSN 0268-7305. Truy cập ngày 13 tháng 10 năm 2008. 
  59. ↑ Egorova, R. V.; Korotkov, B. V.; Yaroshchuk, E. G.; Mirkus, K. A.; Dorofeev N. A.; Serkov, A. T. (1979). “Spinnerets for viscose rayon cord yarn”. Fibre Chemistry 10 (4): 377–378. doi:10.1007/BF00543390. 
  60. ↑ Emsley, J. (18 tháng 1 năm 2005). “Iridium” (PDF). Visual Elements Periodic Table. Royal Society of Chemistry. Truy cập ngày 17 tháng 9 năm 2008. 
  61. 1 2 Handley, J. R. (1986). “Increasing Applications for Iridium” (PDF). Platinum Metals Review 30 (1): 12–13. 
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  65. ↑ Biggs, T.; Taylor, S. S.; van der Lingen, E. (2005). “The Hardening of Platinum Alloys for Potential Jewellery Application”. Platinum Metals Review 49 (1): 2–15. doi:10.1595/147106705X24409. 
  66. ↑ Crookes, W. (1908). “On the Use of Iridium Crucibles in Chemical Operations”. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character 80 (541): 535–536. Bibcode:1908RSPSA..80..535C. JSTOR 93031. doi:10.1098/rspa.1908.0046. 
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  68. ↑ Halmshaw, R. (1954). “The use and scope of Iridium 192 for the radiography of steel”. British Journal of Applied Physics 5 (7): 238–243. Bibcode:1954BJAP....5..238H. doi:10.1088/0508-3443/5/7/302. 
  69. ↑ Hellier, Chuck (2001). Handbook of Nondestructive Evlaluation. The McGraw-Hill Companies. ISBN 978-0-07-028121-9. 
  70. ↑ Penzes, W. B. (2001). “Time Line for the Definition of the Meter”. National Institute for Standards and Technology. Truy cập ngày 16 tháng 9 năm 2008. 
  71. ↑ General section citations: Recalibration of the U.S. National Prototype Kilogram, R. S. Davis, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 90, No. 4, July–August 1985 (5.5 MB PDF, here); and The Kilogram and Measurements of Mass and Force, Z. J. Jabbour et al., J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 106, 2001, 25–46 (3.5 MB PDF, here) 
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  74. ↑ Möhl, D. (1997). “Production of low-energy antiprotons”. Zeitschrift Hyperfine Interactions 109: 33–41. Bibcode:1997HyInt.109...33M. doi:10.1023/A:1012680728257. 
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  76. 1 2 Hoyano, J. K.; Graham, W. A. G. (1982). “Oxidative addition of the carbon-hydrogen bonds of neopentane and cyclohexane to a photochemically generated iridium(I) complex”. Journal of the American Chemical Society 104 (13): 3723–3725. doi:10.1021/ja00377a032. 
  77. ↑ Källström, K; Munslow, I; Andersson, P. G. (2006). “Ir-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation: Ligands, substrates and mechanism”. Chemistry: A European Journal 12 (12): 3194–3200. PMID 16304642. doi:10.1002/chem.200500755. 
  78. ↑ Roseblade, S. J.; Pfaltz, A. (2007). “Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of olefins”. Accounts of Chemical Research 40 (12): 1402–1411. PMID 17672517. doi:10.1021/ar700113g. 
  79. ↑ Wang, X.; Andersson, M. R.; Thompson, M. E.; Inganäsa, O. (2004). “Electrophosphorescence from substituted poly(thiophene) doped with iridium or platinum complex”. Thin Solid Films 468 (1–2): 226–233. Bibcode:2004TSF...468..226W. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2004.05.095. 
  80. ↑ Tonzetich, Zachary J. (2002). “Organic Light Emitting Diodes—Developing Chemicals to Light the Future” (PDF). Journal of Undergraduate Research (Rochester University) 1 (1). Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 10 năm 2008. 
  81. ↑ Holder, E.; Langefeld, B. M. W.; Schubert, U. S. (25 tháng 4 năm 2005). “New Trends in the Use of Transition Metal-Ligand Complexes for Applications in Electroluminescent Devices”. Advanced Materials 17 (9): 1109–1121. doi:10.1002/adma.200400284. 
  82. ↑ Mottishaw, J. (1999). “Notes from the Nib Works—Where's the Iridium?”. The PENnant XIII (2). 
  83. ↑ Crookes, W. biên tập (1867). “The Paris Exhibition”. The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science XV: 182. 
  84. ↑ Pepper, J. H. (1861). The Playbook of Metals: Including Personal Narratives of Visits to Coal, Lead, Copper, and Tin Mines, with a Large Number of Interesting Experiments Relating to Alchemy and the Chemistry of the Fifty Metallic Elements. Routledge, Warne, and Routledge. tr. 455. 
  85. ↑ “Radioisotope Brief: Iridium-192 (Ir-192)” (PDF). Radiation Emergencies. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Ngày 18 tháng 8 năm 2004. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 9 năm 2008. 

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